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Research: Connected and Automated Vehicles

The BearTracks test vehicle in White Bear Lake

TPEC researchers are working to understand how connected and automated vehicles (CAV) could serve transportation-disadvantaged communities. CAVs offer the potential to provide greater mobility and equity for many people, but public engagement is essential to ensure all user needs are understood and addressed.

In recent years, researchers partnered on two pilot deployments: Bear Tracks in White Bear Lake and goMARTI in Grand Rapids. Many important insights were discovered from the projects that can inform and improve future CAV work.

Bear Tracks, a nearly year-long project, featured an electric automated shuttle that ran along a 1.5-mile loop and serviced primarily elderly, low-income community members who experienced transportation challenges. TPEC researchers collected and analyzed Bear Tracks survey data, which revealed an interest in CAV technology and an increase in positive-attitude responses after riding the shuttle. In addition to overall enthusiasm, concerns were recorded from the surrounding neighbors who felt the low-speed shuttle created traffic frustrations despite the availability of an alternate route. A demonstration at the local high school generated active engagement from students who expressed possible travel implications and job opportunities in their future.

goMARTI, or Minnesota’s Autonomous Rural Transit Initiative, was the first CAV project in Minnesota offering an on-demand service, with more than 70 pick-up and drop-off sites. Researchers supported goMARTI by providing data and conducting research on specific aspects. (Previous TPEC research had examined how goMARTI could meet transportation needs in the area.) 

goMARTI is available to the general public; key constituencies are people with disabilities and those who experience transportation challenges. The fleet and route were expanded after officials successfully applied for federal funds and were awarded a $9.3 million ATTAIN federal grant in 2023

In addition to these two projects, TPEC researchers are conducting engagement activities as part of the University of Minnesota CAV Ecosystem. This collaborative environment is advancing research, engagement, and workforce development to prepare for broadscale CAV deployment.